If you’re assigned something to read, read it aloud to yourself. This engages not just the internal monologue part of your brain, but speaking and hearing parts, and your brain makes stronger pathways when more senses are engaged and working together.
Don’t buy (eta: or download) flash cards, draw them yourself. This engages sight and abstraction., plus motor skill areas.
Write your own notes, then read them aloud and highlight them yourself. So many parts of your brain make connections by doing this. Don’t just read. That’s not very helpful; you don’t have to study long if you study well.
I think there’s a name for this, but I’m tired and will rely on Cunningham’s whatever.
e: don’t forget about all of your senses – you have way more than 5.
This is really weird and random but when I need to learn/revise something for an exam for example, loading up a game of Tetris and listening to audio of whatever I must revise is strangely effective. I can just completely clock out playing Tetris until I’ve finished listening, and I remain pretty engaged so what I’m listening to goes in better and doesn’t bore me to death
I’m seeing this post a bit late, but I feel like I have to weigh in slightly, though it’s not my research area.
Note that my information extends more to academic studying, don’t know if it’s quite as true for learning more physical skills.
The main concept for learning is deeper learning. Which basically just means actually using your brain to think about the material. Things like connecting it to other ideas, pondering different implications, that sort of thing.
The reason flashcards work is because you think about what questions you could ask about the material. The reason you write by hand vs type is because it’s slower and you have to think about what’s more important or how you’d summarise the information.
I believe reading aloud typically works because it forces you to be slower and more deliberate, giving you time to actually process what you’re reading.
That said what you’ve written is helpful and mostly correct, I’m just not so certain about the framing. It could mislead some people into just rewriting notes while reading them out, for example, which is inefficient and not very helpful for learning.
A very easy-to-read source with practical tips:
- Optimizing Learning in College by Putnam et al. (2016) (Look it up on Google scholar for a free pdf)
Also as a final tip, my favourite exam prep technique: do a past paper without having looked at any notes or done any prep. Answer as much as you can just thinking about what you remember. Then go through with notes. It primes your brain for processing and storing the information.
Also, do the assignments, and start them the day they’re assigned so you’re working with the information that’s still fresh in your short-term memory. If the prof is working through an example, work through it yourself at the same time.
If the prof gives homework that’s not graded, work through as much of it as you have time to the same day. I don’t know how many times fellow students struggled with assignments or had to cram for tests because they didn’t do the homework right away and the lessons faded from their short-term memory, so they basically forgot everything.
There’s a bit of a counterpoint to that: spaced/distributed learning contributes to long term memory encoding. Revisit something a week or two later and a year down the line you’ll remember it more than if you did it the next day.
So depends on your goals a bit. That said, if you can, don’t leave stuff last minute because stress is definitely not good for memory if nothing else.
In the context of school structured learning, that’s often baked-in. Concepts are either continually expanded on, or re-visited throughout the course.
Which I guess leads to a corollary suggestion: If you want to learn something and have the means… Take a Course! One that’s well-made is structured to have reinforcing points, and scheduled by someone who knows the material, so can plan the lessons to be cohesive and additive in a way that a newbie wouldn’t necessarily think to do.
That last paragraph makes this post seem kind of hypocritical doesn’t it? Lol
Maybe? Sorry, I undid my edit, and I probably shouldn’t have. After rereading it, I didn’t think it added anything – are you referring to the personal anecdote from that temp edit, or my original comment?
No need to apologize, I’m only teasing 😛 This is the part I was referring to: “I think there’s a name for this, but I’m tired and will rely on Cunningham’s whatever.”
I just thought it was kind of funny you were saying to put more effort into doing things, so to speak, but abruptly ended your post because you were tired.
Oh shit, I also whooshed.
😆 no worries.
Also, thanks for sharing!
Sources?
Kinda my own arse?
I raised a full-blown adult, and this is how we did things. He did very well, and played a lot of video games.
I don’t know, but this feels like something so obvious I’d think studies likely show this. If not, I’ll retract. But I’ve seen it work a lot in a bunch of different environments. That’s why I think there should be a name for this. It’s practically a given, but a lot of people don’t seem to know. So YSK.
Kinda my own arse?
Correct.
this feels like something so obvious I’d think studies likely show this
Surprisingly unscientific attitude from a scifi author.
I never claimed anything else. Also, the fi in my scifi is there on purpose. :)
